North South Criminology Conference 2024

How does the availability of and access to support systems during the transition from out-of-home care influence care leavers’ contact with the criminal justice system? This literature review examines the availability of support systems for young individuals transitioning out of care, focusing on their interactions with the criminal justice system . The study addresses a gap in understanding how adequate support can potentially mitigate the risk of care leavers engaging in criminal activities.

Understanding this is important for informing policies, interventions, and support services that can effectively support them in their transition to adulthood, reduce their susceptibility to criminal behaviour, and ultimately improve their overall well-being and life outcomes. 21 articles and one book chapter were critically analysed. Studies were based on qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research conducted mainly in U.S. and U.K. The findings emphasise the critical importance of pathway planning prior to transitioning and accessibility of aftercare services during and after the transition from out-of-home care to prevent contact with the justice system, highlighting factors that contribute to successful outcomes for care leavers.

Key themes that emerge from the reviewed literature include early preparation for transition, the significance of supportive relationships, access to life skills courses, and the impact of emotional support on successful transitions. The review also sheds light on barriers faced by care leavers, such as inadequate emotional support, lack of acknowledgment for emotional needs, and challenges in accessing essential resources during the transition phase. Additionally, the study emphasises the need for tailored interventions that address individual and organisational demands to facilitate a smoother transition for care leavers. 11 Overall, the rapid literature review provides valuable insights into the complexities surrounding support systems for young people transitioning out of care and their implications on interactions with the criminal justice system.

The review contributes to a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by care leavers and emphasises the importance of robust support systems in ensuring positive outcomes during this critical phase of transition.